Англицизмы в русском языке

Borrowing foreign words is one way of developing the modern language. Language always responds quickly and flexibly to the needs of society. Borrowing is the result of contacts, relationships between peoples, states. The main reason for borrowing foreign language vocabulary is the lack of a corresponding concept in the vocabulary of the Russian language. Observing the transition of words and phrases frоm any foreign language to Russian helps to understand the history of the Russian language, both literary and dialects. The types of borrowing depend on which language this or that word came frоm. This paper will address the problems of borrowing frоm English in Russian (the so-called Anglicisms). Emphasizing the relevance of the chosen topic, I would like to note that at present English has acquired the status of lingua franca-language of international communication for people for whom it is not native. The nomination of English for this role is historically due to: the expansion of trade and economic ties, the dominance of the United States of America in the world economy and politics, the development of international tourism, etc.

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The development of the latest information and computer technologies, the emergence of a global Internet network also influenced the popularity of the English language. English is rightfully called "Latin of the 20th century": about ¾ of all borrowings in Russian at the end of the 20th century fall on Anglo-Americanism. The relevance of the study is that the problem of borrowing is especially significant in modern conditions, since today serious concerns are being expressed about a powerful influx of Anglicisms, which can lead to a depreciation of the Russian word. The study was based on the following hypothesis: it is safe to assume that nowadays there are already a lot of English words in Russian and that each person uses a certain amount of them every day. Every day, television brings down a stream of information on us, necessarily containing incomprehensible foreign words, and many of them have already entered our vocabulary. This means that English should be studied not only in order to read texts in textbooks, but also in order to feel like a cultural person who is able to fully communicate with contemporaries, both in our country and abroad, to understand the inscriptions around us on shop windows, trade labels and labels, advertising, instructions. The purpose of this work: using the analysis of Anglicisms in Russian, to show the justification and unjustified of some borrowings frоm English into Russian. To achieve the goal, we set ourselves the following tasks: - identify the reasons for borrowing Anglicisms in modern Russian; - on the material of our study, highlight justified and unjustified borrowings frоm the English language in Russian speech. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of using the material and results of this study in speech culture lessons, English lessons, as well as in the further study of foreign borrowing. The material we have collected will help teachers to carry out work to educate students in the culture of handling foreign-language words, good linguistic taste, and students – it is correct and appropriate to use linguistic means, both strangers and their own. The material collected in this work will be interesting and useful to everyone who studies English, who would like to better learn and understand the Russian language. 

Language is a living being. Something is born in it, your life lives, something goes away, and something remains forever. Each generation introduces its own vocabulary into the language. There are borrowings in every language, and Russian is no exception. This is a process that greatly increases the vocabulary of the language and introduces into it the vocabulary characteristic of various nations and countries. The Russian language, as a living being, is constantly developing, absorbing new words in itself. All this is normal, in our opinion. After all, it happens that in Russian there is no word denoting a certain subject or phenomenon, therefore, it is quite natural to use English words in Russian in these cases. And in our life, such vocabulary as rally, inflation, imports and exports, shampoo, shorts, program, leader, version and many others have already firmly strengthened. I would like to emphasize that all this should exist and allow the Russian language to develop. Learning English at school always causes some difficulties for students and their parents. This research work proves that learning English is not so difficult, since we know a lot of English words and use them everywhere in our speech. These are words borrowed frоm English language – Anglicisms. In general, foreign language terminology is an interesting linguistic phenomenon, the role of which in the Russian language is very significant. Anglo-Russian language interaction constantly attracts research attention aimed at studying the general influx of foreign language vocabulary into the Russian language. The practical value of this work is that this material can be used to instill a culture of handling foreign language words, good taste. And good taste is the main condition for the correct and appropriate use of language means of both strangers and their own. Conclusions. 1) Anglicisms have both positive and negative meanings for the Russian language; 2) If Anglicism can be replaced by a Russian word, then this has no value for the language; 3) In some areas of knowledge, borrowing is necessary, as it is an important tool; 4) In order to keep the Russian language clean, you need to use as few Anglicisms as possible. The main conclusion is that the language is a self-developing mechanism that knows how to self-cleanse, get rid of unnecessary, unnecessary. For this reason, one should not be afraid of the influx of Anglicisms – this phenomenon is most likely temporary.

1. E. S. Zenovich. Dictionary of Foreign Words and Expressions, 2020; 2. V.R. Ivanov, T.V. Shanskaya. Short Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language, 2019; 3. Muzrukova T. G., Nechaeva I.V. Popular dictionary of foreign words: about 5,000 words/edited by I.V. Nechaeva. – M.: Azbukovnik; 2021; 4. Muller, V.K. Great English-Russian Dictionary. – Yekaterinburg: U-Factoria, 2019; 5. Modern Dictionary of Foreign Words: OK. 20,000 words. – 2-ed., erased. – M.: Rus. Yaz., 2019; 6. A.I. Dyakov. Reasons for the intensive borrowing of Anglicisms in modern Russian– "Language and Culture" Novosibirsk, 2021; 7. Borrowing (Electronic Resource). Address: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/.