A functional style is a language subsystem that has individual characteristics in terms of lexical means, syntactic structures, and even phonetics. The emergence and existence of styles is associated with the conditions of communication in various spheres of human life.
Classifying styles is a very difficult task. Let us turn to the opinion of I.V. Arnold and I.R. Galperin.
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So, Halperin considers functional styles as properties of the written language, thereby excluding the spoken style.
Both scholars agree that each functional style can be recognized by one or more key features. At the same time, Halperin pays more attention to the coordination of linguistic means and stylistic devices, while Arnold associates the features of each style with the peculiarities of its use in the field of communication.
According to Halperin, the functional style of language is a system of interconnected language means that serves a specific purpose in human communication. Functional style should be viewed as a product of a specific task set by the author of the message.
Functional styles are found mainly in the literary standard of the language. They represent different kinds of abstract invariant and can deviate frоm it or even contradict it.
Each functional style is a relatively stable system at a particular stage in the development of a literary language, but it can undergo significant changes frоm period to period. Thus, functional style is a historical category.
For example, in the 17th century, it was believed that not all words can be used in poetry, and that there is a separate poetic style. Later, in the 19th century, romanticism rejected the norms of the poetic style and introduced new vocabulary into poetry.
Each functional style is characterized by a special use of linguistic means and, thereby, establishes its own norms, which, however, obey the invariant of the norm and do not violate the general literary norm. Writers of a particular period of the literary language make a great contribution to the establishment of the system of norms of this period.
Translation is an integral part of the modern world. Today, when international relations play one of the most important roles in public life, translation is extremely important. Consequently, the quality of the translation is of a very high importance. The correct understanding of the idea that the author of the original work wanted to convey depends on the quality of the translation. To create an accurate, adequate and closest translation in relation to the original text, the translator should pay attention to many factors and features that the translated text possesses [4, p.135].
The functional style of a language is a system of interconnected language means that fulfill a specific purpose of communication. Consequently, the functional style can be considered the result of a specific task set by the speaker [3, p. 18].
Researchers usually distinguish five functional styles: scientific, conversational, formal-business, newspaper-journalistic, and artistic.
The purpose of the work is to systematize knowledge of the functional styles of the English language.
Tasks:
consider each style;
identify their features;
draw conclusions.
The work consists of an introduction, five chapters and a conclusion.
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2021 год
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